Publications

The Economic Impacts of Illegal Agro-Conversion on Tropical Forest Countries

A new framework supports national and global cost estimates

This paper summarizes a new analysis of the costs of illegal conversion of tropical forests for export-driven industrial agriculture. It synthesizes a proposed theoretical framework for exploring impacts of illegal conversion on financial capital, natural capital, political capital, and human/social capital. A global minimum cost per hectare to forest countries of illegal agro-conversion is estimated,[…]

Linking Smallholder Plantations to Global Markets

Lessons from the IKEA model in Vietnam

Export-oriented wood processing companies in Vietnam are increasingly entering into legally-binding contractual relationships with smallholder producers – the country’s main source of domestically-grown plantation timber. One of the best examples of this “linkage model” is the partnership between households in Vietnam’s mountainous areas and companies that specialize in processing FSC-certified wood products for IKEA. This […]

Untapped Potential: Forest Ecosystem Services for Achieving SDG 15

UNFF13 Background Analytical Study

The world’s forest ecosystems provide critical and diverse services and values to human society. As primary habitat for a wide range of species, forests support biodiversity maintenance and conservation. Yet, continuing forest loss worldwide negatively impacts the livelihoods of millions of people and poses major challenges to sustainable development, in part because these forest ecosystem services continue to be […]

The transboundary displacement of deforestation under REDD+

Problematic intersections between the trade of forest-risk commodities and land grabbing in the Mekong region

The fragmentary adoption of REDD+ across forest nations leaves room for the displacement of deforestation from early-adopters and countries with more rigorous carbon-related regulatory regimes to late-adopters of REDD+. While this displacement is expected to be substantial, our empirical understanding of the causal pathways of transboundary displacement remains weak. Our research addresses this lacuna, focusing[…]

Zooming In: Companies, Commodities, & Traceability Commitments that Count, 2018

“Zooming In” presents new analysis by Forest Trends’ Supply Change Initiative and Ceres about how companies that are committed to addressing commodity-driven deforestation are tracing supplies to their origin—be it factory, farm, field, or forest—so they can determine the impact their supply chains have on forests. Companies with exposure to deforestation in their supply chains […]

Mapping Forest Finance: A Landscape of Available Sources of Finance for REDD+ and Climate Action in Forests

This report identifies the sources of funding currently available for REDD+ and climate action in forests, and analyzes the challenges and opportunities for accessing and coordinating this finance. It serves as a resource for negotiators, policymakers, practitioners, NGOs, and others involved with the implementation of REDD+ and climate action in forests. Among other things, the […]

Peace in Myanmar Demands a Focus on Natural Resources and a Reform of their Management

Myanmar’s progress towards peace appears stalled. Since independence, the military and ethnic groups, living at the margins of both the country and its power structure, have fought in some of the world’s longest running civil wars. In 2015, one of the major coalitions of ethnic groups, the United Nationalities Federal Council (UNFC), refused to sign […]

Toward a Financial Architecture to Protect Tropical Forests

The Case of Brazil

This report focuses on Brazil both as a critical forest country and in order to describe an architecture of finance based on a particular framework of law and existing institutional efforts to protect forests. Despite a challenging macroeconomic environment, Brazil has the most developed legislative framework for tropical forest protection in the Forest Code, powerful […]

Dependent Documents

Toward a Financial Architecture to Protect Tropical Forests

The Case of Brazil (Executive Summary)

By Rupert Edwards

Trade Measures to Support Legal and Sustainable Agriculture in Brazil

Brazil is a major producer and exporter of agricultural commodities (such as beef, soy, and cotton) that are associated with deforestation in the Amazon and surrounding regions. A way to reduce deforestation in Brazil, would be the implementation of trade measures, border policies directed at imports or exports of particular products. This report discusses two […]

The Potential for the EITI to Bring Transparency to the Forestry Sector in Myanmar

Sunlight Is the Best Disinfectant

Myanmar has chosen to include forestry in the Extractive Industry Transparency Initiative (EITI). Although reporting and contract disclosure will be a challenge, if the EITI can increase transparency, it can help inform public debate and drive future reform. The more people understand, the harder it is for the sector to be corrupt. Related read: What […]